Labour and Gender Equality Policy: parental leave, breastfeeding and child well-being
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7203/IREP.5.1.26980
Abstract
We analyze whether there is a relationship between the design of paid parental leave and the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding, while studying risk and protective factors, including breastfeeding and maternal participation in the labour market, on children's mental health in the medium and long term. Two quantitative studies are conducted in an urban Spanish context, based on a representative survey and analytical observational study, with case-control studies. These are complementary as they include economic, psychological, sociological and public policy variables and approaches. Mother's labour market participation and breastfeeding, especially when both circumstances occur together, are protective factors for children, economically and psychologically. The current length of maternity leave does not correlate to the provision or non-provision of breastmilk or the duration of breastfeeding. The main labour policy implication is the relevance of implementing a parental leave system that encourages equal use among women and men during the first year of life, with equal, nontransferable, 100% paid and nonsimultaneous use leave, as it enhances the factors that influence child well-being while promoting the goal of gender equality. Health policy could also support the equal use of parental leave by providing advice and training for co-responsibility of fathers in care, in a similar way as it does for breastfeeding.
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