Relevancia del valor social en las empresas agroecológicas de la Comunidad Valenciana. Aplicación de la Economía del Bien Común para la mejora de su gestión sostenible / / / \ \ \ Relevance of social value in Valencian agroecological firms. Application of the Economy for the Common Good framework to improve its sustainable management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7203/terra.10.23847Abstract
Resumen: La agricultura ecológica ofrece a los productores una opción para enfocar su negocio y obtener una ventaja competitiva; sin embargo, en determinados casos ésta se centra en actividades específicas del proceso productivo y solo crea valor ambiental, además de económico, sin tener en cuenta el valor social; por lo que no es un enfoque basado en la sostenibilidad. Se hace necesario ampliar su enfoque a las personas (valor social) y reforzar la rentabilidad (valor económico). El objetivo del trabajo es describir una herramienta basada en el modelo de la Economía del Bien Común (EBC) aplicada al sector agroecológico, que sirva para medir los impactos sociales y ambientales. La metodología ha consistido en: 1) análisis bibliométrico sobre publicaciones en agroecología para identificar indicadores de sostenibilidad más relevantes; 2) aplicación del método Delphi para hacer un screening entre los indicadores identificados; y 3) constitución de grupos peer de productores, con el objeto de realizar su Balance del Bien Común. El estudio empírico realizado demuestra que las empresas agroecológicas tienen una carencia a nivel social y ambiental en relación con sus proveedores y con la transparencia y participación. También carecen de herramientas de medición para cuantificar el valor social y ambiental. El modelo EBC puede ser apropiado para las empresas agroecológicas , si se adapta a sus características.
Palabras clave: Agroecología, Sostenibilidad, Economía del Bien Común, Valor compartido.
Abstract: Organical Agriculture leads producers both to focus their business and gain a competitive advantage. However, by doing so, they focus on specific activities of the production process which implies creating only environmental value, contrary to an approach based on sustainability. It is essential to broaden its focus towards people (social value) and profitability (economic value). The present study is aimed at providing a tool based on the Economy for the Common Good model (ECG) which can be applied to the agroecological sector. Thus, allowing the measurement of social and environmental impacts. The methodology employed was structured as follows: 1) in order to identify the most relevant sustainability indicators the authors performed a bibliometric analysis of research papers on agroecology, 2) a screening among the identified indicators through a Delphi method, and 3) peer groups constitution of producers to produce their Common Good Balance Sheet. The results of this empirical study evidence that the agroecological enterprises have a lack of social and environmental impacts in regards to their suppliers, in terms of transparency and participation values. In addition, they have an absence of social and environmental values measurement tools. In this sense, the ECG model may be appropriate for the agroecological enterprises by being adapted to their specific needs.
Key words: Agroecology, Sustainability, Economy for the Common Good, Shared value.
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